As SpaceX completes its 150th Starship test and NASA's Artemis program eyes lunar bases as Mars stepping stones, one dilemma dominates engineering discussions: How will Mars colonies achieve continuous energy supply in an atmosphere with 1% Earth's density and dust storms lasting months? With solar irradiance at just 43% of Earth's levels, we're not merely discussing power generation – we're redefining survival thermodynamics.
How much energy could wind turbines lose due to ice formation? Recent studies reveal up to 20% annual production decline in Nordic regions. As global wind capacity expands into colder climates, anti-icing technology has shifted from optional upgrade to operational necessity. But what makes ice accumulation so destructive, and can modern solutions outsmart this frosty adversary?
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